A red marker shows records outside the one-at-a-time criterion.
Markers reflect one or more modeled years with qualifying family office overlap, based on available linked records. This is a data screen, not a legal candidate qualification. Names, aliases and overlap evidence are searchable.
The 20th Congress district and party-list roster and the Ateneo Policy Center’s 2004–2016 historical election records are included. Historical surname-and-province groups are a broad screen; shared surnames do not establish kinship and do not create a red marker. The separate linked-family count uses documented person-level relationships or cited family links. This is not a list of declared 2028 candidates; we will update the page when COMELEC releases official candidate data.
Unique screened names by recorded election year
Each person is counted once per election year with a qualifying recorded term. The table combines their office terms into one row and orders names by highest recorded office. Qualifying overlaps follow the stated family relationship rule.
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| Screen | Name · known aliases | Latest recorded office | Past positions · combined terms | Latest place | Party | Recorded election years | Concurrent family officeholders | Historical family members |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Recent source additions
Signatory role candidates in Senate HGAB documents
Document extraction identified 3,530 District Engineer, 2,876 Assistant District Engineer, 100 Governor, and 14 Mayor role candidates, plus 68 RDC Chair, 90 PDC Chair, and 4 LDC Chair candidates. These are extracted role candidates, not verified unique people or project sponsors. Counts may include repeated appearances across documents and projects; they are not a count of distinct officeholders.
How the Dapat Isa Lang screen is applied
Red marker: two or more distinct elected officials in a source-documented family link held office during at least one same modeled calendar year. Family links come from documented relationship records, shared family-group identifiers, or the cited public records listed in the downloaded data. A family consisting of exactly one local and one national officeholder in that year is excluded. Two local officials, two national officials, or three or more officials across levels meet this page’s criterion. A shared surname alone never triggers a marker.
This applies the Dapat Isa Lang one-at-a-time criterion to the available records; it is not an official campaign determination or a legal qualification decision. The Historical family members column lists linked officials even when their terms did not overlap. Their history informs the screen only for years supported by the modeled office terms.
The table has one row per normalized full name, ordered by the highest recorded office: President, Vice President, Senator, Representative, Governor, Vice Governor, Mayor, Vice Mayor, provincial board member, councilor and barangay captain. Previous positions and their terms are combined in one column. The latest recorded office can be historical. Year and office filters match the same term within the person’s history. Source identities and places are retained for namesakes; grouping a displayed name never creates a family relationship.
Term windows use six years for the President, Vice President and Senators, and three years for other included elected offices. Archived election years anchor historical terms; cited public sources anchor supplemental offices and role changes. Repeated copies of the same national office or House seat in one election year are consolidated; different House districts stay separate. Local duplicate IDs are merged only when the full name, office, election year and municipality identify the same seat. If duplicate copies carry conflicting municipality labels, the location is left blank instead of selecting one at random.
The historical election set combines archived elected-office records with the Ateneo Policy Center Political Dynasties Dataset for 2004–2016; matching rows are deduplicated by full name, office, election year and locality where available. The Ateneo dynasty flag is retained as a screening note only, never as proof of a family relationship. Congressman display/full-name pairs are retained as aliases only when the pairing is unique. Party-list membership records identify seats, not relatives. Historical 2019 winner-marked data and 2022/2025 local-office coverage remain incomplete. Cited kinship records supplement the historical records; ambiguous names are not joined. Some source rows or family links can remain incomplete or misclassified. Rodrigo Duterte’s 2025 mayoral win is recorded as an election outcome but is not counted as an office held because he did not take the oath. Absence of a red marker means this screen found no qualifying combination in the available records; it does not establish that a person has no family ties. This is a historical screening aid, not a 2028 candidate list.